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Fri Aug 14 23:55:37 BST 2009

America is poised to loosen its control over cyberspace
FORTY years ago this month American academics sent the first message =
over the ARPANET, a military network that was the precursor of today's =
internet. A legacy of those efforts is that the American government =
continues to control the internet's underlying technology-notably the =
system of allocating addresses. This is about to change, albeit =
slightly.

For the past decade America has delegated some of its authority over the =
internet to a non-profit organisation called the Internet Corporation =
for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)-an arrangement other countries =
have complained about, both because they have little say in it and =
because ICANN's management has occasionally proved erratic. ICANN's =
latest mandate is due to expire on September 30th. The day before, a new =
accord is planned to come into effect, whereby America will pass some of =
its authority over ICANN to the "internet community" of businesses, =
individual users and other governments.

Previous agreements had maintained close American oversight over ICANN =
and imposed detailed reforms, but the latest document, called an =
"affirmation of commitments", is only four pages long. It gives ICANN =
the autonomy to manage its own affairs. Whereas prior agreements had to =
be renewed every few years, the new one has no fixed term.

The agreement sets up oversight panels that include representatives of =
foreign governments to conduct regular reviews of ICANN's work in four =
areas: competition among generic domains (such as .com and .net), the =
handling of data on registrants, the security of the network and =
transparency, accountability and the public interest-the only panel on =
which America will retain a permanent seat. But there are no penalties =
if ICANN fails to heed its new overseers short of a termination of the =
accord.=20

The changes at ICANN come at a time when the number of addresses is set =
to expand dramatically. Next year ICANN plans to allow the creation of =
many more domains. There are currently 21 generic ones in addition to =
the 280 country suffixes (such as .uk for Britain). ICANN also intends =
to authorise domain names in other scripts, which will allow entire web =
addresses to be written in languages such as Chinese and Arabic.

All this is controversial. Firms that have already spent a fortune to =
protect their brands online fear that the expansion will create a huge =
legal quagmire. Some American politicians are backing calls from =
trademark holders to call it off. Yet the firms that register new =
addresses support new domains. There are nearly 200m internet addresses =
in use (see chart), which are thought to generate more than $2.5 billion =
a year in renewal fees. New domains will add to that.

The new set-up at ICANN will not placate countries such as China, Russia =
and Iran that want America to relinquish control entirely. However ICANN =
runs itself, it cannot alter the basic piping of the internet without =
America's approval under another agreement that lasts until 2011. Even =
then, that is unlikely to change.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
--------------------------------

Bazlu
_______________________
AHM. Bazlur Rahman-S21BR
Chief Executive Officer
Bangladesh NGOs Network for Radio and Communication(BNNRC)
&
Member, Strategy Council
UN-Global Alliance for ICT and Development (UN GAID)
=20
House: 13/1, Road:2, Shaymoli, Dhaka-1207=20
Post Box: 5095, Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
=20
Phone: 88-02-9130750, 88-02-9138501
01711881647 Fax: 88-02-9138501-105
=20
E-mail: ceo at bnnrc.net, bnnrc at bd.drik.net
www.bnnrc.net

__________ Information from ESET Smart Security, version of virus signature=
 database 4455 (20090924) __________

The message was checked by ESET Smart Security.

http://www.eset.com

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<DIV><FONT size=3D2>
<P class=3Dfly-title><FONT color=3D#ff0000 size=3D3>Regulating the =
internet: ICANN be=20
independent</FONT></P>
<P class=3Dinfo><FONT size=3D3>Sep 24th 2009<BR>From <EM>The =
Economist</EM> print=20
edition</FONT></P>
<H2><FONT size=3D3>America is poised to loosen its control over=20
cyberspace</FONT></H2>
<P><FONT size=3D3>FORTY years ago this month American academics sent the =
first=20
message over the ARPANET, a military network that was the precursor of =
today=92s=20
internet. A legacy of those efforts is that the American government =
continues to=20
control the internet=92s underlying technology=97notably the system of =
allocating=20
addresses. This is about to change, albeit slightly.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D3>For the past decade America has delegated some of its =
authority=20
over the internet to a non-profit organisation called the Internet =
Corporation=20
for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)=97an arrangement other countries =
have=20
complained about, both because they have little say in it and because =
ICANN=92s=20
management has occasionally proved erratic. ICANN=92s latest mandate is =
due to=20
expire on September 30th. The day before, a new accord is planned to =
come into=20
effect, whereby America will pass some of its authority over ICANN to =
the=20
=93internet community=94 of businesses, individual users and other=20
governments.</FONT></P>
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CEB0638AE61EEC3B49A555937E7595A1 --></DIV></DIV>
<P><FONT size=3D3>Previous agreements had maintained close American =
oversight over=20
ICANN and imposed detailed reforms, but the latest document, called an=20
=93affirmation of commitments=94, is only four pages long. It gives =
ICANN the=20
autonomy to manage its own affairs. Whereas prior agreements had to be =
renewed=20
every few years, the new one has no fixed term.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D3>The agreement sets up oversight panels that include=20
representatives of foreign governments to conduct regular reviews of =
ICANN=92s=20
work in four areas: competition among generic domains (such as .com and =
.net),=20
the handling of data on registrants, the security of the network and=20
transparency, accountability and the public interest=97the only panel on =
which=20
America will retain a permanent seat. But there are no penalties if =
ICANN fails=20
to heed its new overseers short of a termination of the accord. =
</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D3>The changes at ICANN come at a time when the number of =
addresses=20
is set to expand dramatically. Next year ICANN plans to allow the =
creation of=20
many more domains. There are currently 21 generic ones in addition to =
the 280=20
country suffixes (such as .uk for Britain). ICANN also intends to =
authorise=20
domain names in other scripts, which will allow entire web addresses to =
be=20
written in languages such as Chinese and Arabic.</FONT></P>
<DIV class=3Dcontent-image-float style=3D"WIDTH: 256px"><FONT =
size=3D3><IMG title=3D""=20
height=3D248 alt=3D" " =
src=3D"http://media.economist.com/images/20090926/CWB227.gif"=20
width=3D256></FONT></DIV>
<P><FONT size=3D3>All this is controversial. Firms that have already =
spent a=20
fortune to protect their brands online fear that the expansion will =
create a=20
huge legal quagmire. Some American politicians are backing calls from =
trademark=20
holders to call it off. Yet the firms that register new addresses =
support new=20
domains. There are nearly 200m internet addresses in use (see chart), =
which are=20
thought to generate more than $2.5 billion a year in renewal fees. New =
domains=20
will add to that.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D3>The new set-up at ICANN will not placate countries =
such as=20
China, Russia and Iran that want America to relinquish control entirely. =
However=20
ICANN runs itself, it cannot alter the basic piping of the internet =
without=20
America=92s approval under another agreement that lasts until 2011. Even =
then,=20
that is unlikely to change.</FONT></P><FONT=20
size=3D3>----------------------------------------------------------------=
-----------------------------------------</FONT><BR=20
clear=3Dall></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT><BR>Bazlu<BR>_______________________<BR>AHM. =
Bazlur=20
Rahman-S21BR<BR>Chief Executive Officer<BR>Bangladesh NGOs Network for =
Radio and=20
Communication(BNNRC)<BR>&amp;<BR>Member, Strategy Council<BR>UN-Global =
Alliance=20
for ICT and Development (UN GAID)<BR>&nbsp;<BR>House: 13/1, Road:2, =
Shaymoli,=20
Dhaka-1207 <BR>Post Box: 5095, Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Phone: =

88-02-9130750, 88-02-9138501<BR>01711881647 Fax:=20
88-02-9138501-105<BR>&nbsp;<BR>E-mail: <A=20
href=3D"mailto:ceo at bnnrc.net">ceo at bnnrc.net</A>, <A=20
href=3D"mailto:bnnrc at bd.drik.net">bnnrc at bd.drik.net</A><BR><A=20
href=3D"http://www.bnnrc.net">www.bnnrc.net</A><BR></DIV><BR>
<BR>
__________ Information from ESET Smart Security, version of virus signature=
 database 4455 (20090924) __________<BR>
<BR>
The message was checked by ESET Smart Security.<BR>
<BR>
<A HREF=3D"http://www.eset.com">http://www.eset.com</A><BR>

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